Learn English – “poses” or “pose” in this sentence

grammar

The activation and deactivation of features at
runtime poses challenges for …

Is that sentence correct? Or does “activation and deactivation” require the plural, i.e., "pose"?

Either one works. You can view it as a single unified set of actions, as in

Throwing and catching is a fundamental skill.
Breaking and entering is a serious crime.
Fish and chips is delicious.

Or you can view it as two separate actions:

Throwing and catching are fundamental skills.